Lessons learned from the ATLAS performance studies of the Iberian Cloud for the first LHC running period

In this contribution we describe the performance of the Iberian (Spain and Portugal) ATLAS cloud during the first LHC running period (March 2010-January 2013) in the context of the GRID Computing and Data Distribution Model. The evolution of the resources for CPU, disk and tape in the Iberian Tier-1 and Tier-2s is summarized. The data distribution over all ATLAS destinations is shown, focusing on the number of files transferred and the size of the data. The status and distribution of simulation and analysis jobs within the cloud are discussed. The Distributed Analysis tools used to perform physics analysis are explained as well. Cloud performance in terms of the availability and reliability of its sites is discussed. The effect of the changes in the ATLAS Computing Model on the cloud is analyzed. Finally, the readiness of the Iberian Cloud towards the first Long Shutdown (LS1) is evaluated and an outline of the foreseen actions to take in the coming years is given. The shutdown will be a good opportunity to improve and evolve the ATLAS Distributed Computing system to prepare for the future challenges of the LHC operation.Peer Reviewe

Molecular aspects of the chemical drying of oil paints formulated in the period 1890-1940

Tese de doutoramento, Química (Química), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 201

Self-Evaluation Applied Mathematics 2003-2008 University of Twente

This report contains the self-study for the research assessment of the Department of Applied Mathematics (AM) of the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science (EEMCS) at the University of Twente (UT). The report provides the information for the Research Assessment Committee for Applied Mathematics, dealing with mathematical sciences at the three universities of technology in the Netherlands. It describes the state of affairs pertaining to the period 1 January 2003 to 31 December 2008

An open-source hybrid CFD-DSMC solver for high-speed flows

A new open-source hybrid CFD-DSMC solver, called hyperFoam, has been implemented within the OpenFOAM framework. The capabilities of the OpenFOAM computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver rhoCentralFoam for supersonic simulations were analysed, showing good agreement with state-of-the-art solvers such as DLR-Tau, and then enhanced, by incorporating the local time stepping (LTS) and adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) techniques. These aspects would later be used for the development of the hypersonic CFD code hy2Foam.;hyperFoam relies on hy2Foam and the direct direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) code dsmcFoam to be able to resolve the flow physics while under the slip-transition regime. Using a mixture of Boyd's Gradient-Length-Local Knudsen number and a generalised modified Chapman-Enskog parameter, hyperFoam is capable of identifying the continuum and rarefied zones within the computational domain and solve each with its respective CFD or DSMC solver.;hyperFoam has been used to simulate several Couette flow with heat transfer test cases, each of different complexity. Good agreement was shown between the DSMC and hybrid results for these simulations. The hybrid code was then used to analyse a hypersonic cylinder. Reasonably similar accuracy was found between the DSMC and hybrid results for vibrationless N2 and N2-O2. However, forO2 important discrepancies were found due to an inconsistency between continuum and rarefied vibrational modelling.A new open-source hybrid CFD-DSMC solver, called hyperFoam, has been implemented within the OpenFOAM framework. The capabilities of the OpenFOAM computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver rhoCentralFoam for supersonic simulations were analysed, showing good agreement with state-of-the-art solvers such as DLR-Tau, and then enhanced, by incorporating the local time stepping (LTS) and adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) techniques. These aspects would later be used for the development of the hypersonic CFD code hy2Foam.;hyperFoam relies on hy2Foam and the direct direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) code dsmcFoam to be able to resolve the flow physics while under the slip-transition regime. Using a mixture of Boyd's Gradient-Length-Local Knudsen number and a generalised modified Chapman-Enskog parameter, hyperFoam is capable of identifying the continuum and rarefied zones within the computational domain and solve each with its respective CFD or DSMC solver.;hyperFoam has been used to simulate several Couette flow with heat transfer test cases, each of different complexity. Good agreement was shown between the DSMC and hybrid results for these simulations. The hybrid code was then used to analyse a hypersonic cylinder. Reasonably similar accuracy was found between the DSMC and hybrid results for vibrationless N2 and N2-O2. However, forO2 important discrepancies were found due to an inconsistency between continuum and rarefied vibrational modelling

English academic discourse : its hegemonic status and implications for translation

Tese de doutoramento em Estudos da Cultura (Estudos de Tradução), apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa através da Faculdade de Letras, 2009Disponível no document

Tsunamis from source to coast

Tsunami disasters pose a significant threat to coastal communities. In the last decades, tsunamis caused enormous destruction and exceeding 250000 fatalities. International efforts led to sig-nificant advances in tsunami science and research, but recent events demonstrated some limi-tations. Thus, it is essential to increase our knowledge of the source to coast tsunami phenom-enon. A better understanding of potential tectonic structures and other generation mechanisms is needed, especially in complex geologic domains or where sources are unknown. Furthermore, we need to improve Tsunami Warning Systems (TWSs) to provide timely alerts for communi-ties in the near field. Therefore, potential tsunamigenic sources in the diffuse plate boundary setting and the near field of the southwest Iberian margin (SWIM) are investigated. For the March 31, 1761, trans-atlantic tsunami, numerical modelling has been used to propose a structure that agrees with tsunami travel times, tsunami observations, macroseismic data, and kinematic plate modelling. Since there exists a description of a tsunami for the November 11, 1858, Sétubal earthquake, its source has been investigated using macroseismic analysis. The analysis suggests a local structure in a compressive regime with weak to moderate tsunamigenic potential. Future tsu-nami hazard assessments need to include the sources of the investigated events. To quickly estimate the tsunami impact, the Tsunami Runup Predictor (TRP), an empirical source-to-coast method to instantly provide first-order estimates of the tsunami runup based on waveform parameters has been developed. The TRP is helpful for emergency managers and evacuation planning for near-field events. Moreover, the author of this thesis contributed to the tsunami impact assessment of September 28, 2018, Palu tsunami, where tsunamis generated by multiple sources caused runup heights up to 9.2 m. However, for local sources, tsunami warning remains challenging; thus, communities need to be prepared how to respond appropriately to earthquakes and tsunamis with or without warning

A brief history of Florentine physics from the 1920s to the end of the 1960s

The history of the Institute of Physics at the University of Florence is traced from the beginning of the 20th century, with the arrival of Antonio Garbasso as Director (1913), to the 1960s. Thanks to Garbasso's expertise, not only did the Institute gain new premises on Arcetri hill, where the Astronomical Observatory was already located, but it also formed a brilliant group of young physicists made up of Rita Brunetti, Enrico Fermi, Franco Rasetti, Enrico Persico, Bruno Rossi, Gilberto Bernardini, Daria Bocciarelli, Giuseppe Occhialini and Giulio Racah, who were engaged in the emerging fields of Quantum Mechanics and Cosmic Rays. This {\it Arcetri School} disintegrated in the late 1930s not only for the transfer of its protagonists to chairs in other universities but also for the racial laws and the environment created by the fascist regime. After the war, the legacy was taken up by some students of this school who formed research groups in the field of nuclear physics and elementary particle physics. As far as theoretical physics was concerned, after the Fermi and Persico periods these studies enjoyed a new expansion towards the end of the 1950s, with the arrival of Giacomo Morpurgo and above all, that of Raoul Gatto, who created the first real Italian school of Theoretical Physics at Arcetri.Comment: Latex file, 11 figure